Rising temperatures can increase the risk of dehydration and pregnancy complications. Prolonged heat exposure may also affect fetal growth and newborn health, say experts.
Mumbai : Extreme heat is now emerging as an important health concern for a large number of pregnant women and even newborns, as prolonged exposure to high temperatures puts additional pressure on the body. Pregnancy already increases the body’s workload, making women more vulnerable to dehydration and exhaustion and giving a tough time to pregnant women and the babies.
Currently, the temperature is rising across the country. Even pregnant women and newborns are now struggling due to heat. Moreover, a new global survey of 1,000 maternal and newborn healthcare professionals across India, Australia, Brazil, the UK and Zimbabwe found that 73% had seen an increase in heat-related pregnancy complications over the past five years, while 76% reported an increase in heat-related concerns affecting foetal or newborn health. Hence, it is imperative for pregnant women to take care of themselves.
Dr. Shifa Panwala, Gynecologist, Apollo Spectra Hospital Mumbai Said, “Pregnancy can lead to many changes in the body, along with an increase in blood volume and metabolic demands. So, when the temperature rises, the body has to work harder to maintain its normal temperature. This can lead to dehydration, dizziness, fatigue, and high blood pressure. And in some women, mainly those with existing risk factors, severe heat stress can cause pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia. Pregnant women tend to feel hotter and become dehydrated more quickly during prolonged outdoor activity. Excessive sweating, inadequate fluid intake, and spending long periods in hot or poorly ventilated environments can also lead to heat exhaustion. Hence, pregnant women shouldn’t ignore warning signs such as severe dizziness, weakness, headache, nausea, excessive sweating, fainting, confusion, very dark urine or reduced urination. A pregnant woman experiencing these symptoms should move to a cool place, hydrate, and seek medical advice without any delay.”
Dr. Priyanka Sonawane, Consultant Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Zynova Shalby Hospital Mumbai Said, “Extreme heat can also take a toll on the baby’s well-being. Understand that dehydration and maternal heat stress can impact circulation and overall pregnancy health. Heat exposure can lead to outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight in some women. Pregnant women with high-risk pregnancies, such as hypertension, may need additional precautions. Regular antenatal check-ups become especially important during periods of extreme heat so that maternal blood pressure, fetal growth, and overall well-being can be monitored by the doctor.’’
“It is necessary for pregnant women to drink fluids regularly. Don’t wait till you feel thirsty; don’t do any outdoor activities during the afternoon when there is extreme heat. Try to go for a walk early in the morning or in the evening. Make sure to wear loose, breathable clothing. Fresh fruits, vegetables and balanced meals can support hydration and nutrition. Adequate rest, cool showers, fans or air-conditioning where available and spending time in well-ventilated or cooler spaces can also help,” said Dr Sonawane.